五金沖壓件的硬度檢測

 五金沖壓件的(de)硬(ying)度(du)檢測(ce)(ce)采用(yong)洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)硬(ying)度(du)計。小(xiao)型的(de)、具有復雜形狀的(de)沖(chong)(chong)壓件，可以用(yong)來測(ce)(ce)試平面很小(xiao)，無法(fa)在普(pu)通臺式(shi)洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)硬(ying)度(du)計上檢測(ce)(ce)。PHP系列便攜式(shi)表面洛(luo)(luo)氏(shi)硬(ying)度(du)計適用(yong)于測(ce)(ce)試這些沖(chong)(chong)壓件的(de)硬(ying)度(du)。合金(jin)沖(chong)(chong)壓件是(shi)金(jin)屬加工(gong)、機械制造(zao)   常(chang)用(yong)的(de)零件。沖(chong)(chong)壓件加工(gong)是(shi)利(li)用(yong)模具使金(jin)屬板帶(dai)發生分離或成形的(de)加工(gong)方法(fa)。其(qi)應用(yong)范圍(wei)廣闊(kuo)。
　　沖(chong)壓件加工包括(kuo)沖(chong)裁、彎曲、拉深、成形、精整等工序。沖(chong)壓件加工的(de)材料主(zhu)要是(shi)熱軋或(huo)冷軋（以冷軋為(wei)主(zhu)）的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)板(ban)(ban)帶材料，例如碳鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)、合金(jin)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)、彈簧(huang)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)、鍍(du)鋅板(ban)(ban)、鍍(du)錫板(ban)(ban)、不銹鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)、銅及銅合金(jin)板(ban)(ban)、鋁及鋁合金(jin)板(ban)(ban)等。
　　沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)所使(shi)用的(de)模(mo)(mo)具稱為(wei)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)具，簡稱沖(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)。沖(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)是將材料(liao)（金屬(shu)或非金屬(shu)）批量(liang)加工(gong)成所需沖(chong)(chong)件(jian)的(de)工(gong)具。沖(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)在(zai)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)中(zhong)至關重(zhong)要(yao)，沒有符合(he)要(yao)求的(de)沖(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)，批量(liang)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)生產就(jiu)難以(yi)進行；沒有的(de)沖(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)，的(de)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)藝(yi)就(jiu)無法實(shi)現。沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)藝(yi)與模(mo)(mo)具、沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)設備和(he)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)材料(liao)構成沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)加工(gong)的(de)三(san)要(yao)素，只有它(ta)們相互結合(he)才(cai)能得出沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)。
　　與機械加(jia)工及塑性加(jia)工的(de)其它方(fang)法相比，沖壓加(jia)工無論(lun)在技術方(fang)面(mian)還是(shi)經濟(ji)方(fang)面(mian)都(dou)具有許多   的(de)優點。
　　沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)借(jie)助于常規或沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)設備的動力，使板料在模具里直(zhi)接受到變(bian)(bian)形力并進(jin)行變(bian)(bian)形，從而獲得   形狀,尺寸和性(xing)能的產品零件的生產技術。板料，模具和設備是(shi)(shi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的三要素。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種金屬冷變(bian)(bian)形加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方法(fa)。所以，被稱之為冷沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)或板料沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)，簡稱沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)。它(ta)是(shi)(shi)金屬塑性(xing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)（或壓(ya)力加(jia)工(gong)(gong)）的主要方法(fa)之一(yi)，也隸屬于材料成型工(gong)(gong)程技術。
　　由于(yu)五金沖壓件沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)具(ju)有(you)(you)如(ru)此優(you)越性，沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)加(jia)工在(zai)國民經濟(ji)各個應(ying)用(yong)范圍相當(dang)廣泛(fan)。例(li)如(ru)，在(zai)宇(yu)航(hang)，航(hang)空，，機械，農(nong)機，電(dian)子，信息，鐵道，郵電(dian)，交通，化工，器具(ju)，日用(yong)電(dian)器及輕工等部(bu)門(men)里(li)都(dou)(dou)有(you)(you)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)加(jia)工。不但整個產業界都(dou)(dou)用(yong)到它，而且每個人都(dou)(dou)直接與(yu)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)產品發生聯系。像(xiang)飛機，火車(che)(che)(che)(che)，汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)，拖拉機上就(jiu)有(you)(you)許多大，中，小(xiao)(xiao)型沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)。小(xiao)(xiao)轎(jiao)車(che)(che)(che)(che)的車(che)(che)(che)(che)身，車(che)(che)(che)(che)架及車(che)(che)(che)(che)圈等零部(bu)件(jian)都(dou)(dou)是沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)加(jia)工出(chu)來的。據有(you)(you)關調查統計，自行車(che)(che)(che)(che)，縫(feng)紉機，手表里(li)有(you)(you)80%是沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)；電(dian)視機，收錄機，攝像(xiang)機里(li)有(you)(you)90%是沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)；還有(you)(you)食品金屬罐殼，鋼(gang)(gang)精(jing)鍋爐，搪瓷(ci)盆碗及不銹鋼(gang)(gang)餐具(ju)，全都(dou)(dou)是使(shi)用(yong)模具(ju)的沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)加(jia)工產品；就(jiu)連電(dian)腦的硬件(jian)中也(ye)缺少(shao)不了沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)。